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Haile Selassie – Wikipedia

Haile Selassie – Wikipedia

Haile Selassie

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Haile Selassie I
Negusa Nagast
Defender of the Faith
Haile Selassie in full dress (cropped).jpg

Haile Selassie in full dress, 1970
Emperor of Ethiopia
Reign2 April 1930 – 12 September 1974[nb 1]
Coronation2 November 1930
PredecessorZewditu
SuccessorAmha Selassie
Prime Minister
Regent Plenipotentiary of Ethiopia
Reign27 September 1916 – 2 April 1930
PredecessorTessema Nadew
SuccessorIjigayehu Amha Selassie
MonarchZewditu
BornRas Tafari Makonnen
23 July 1892
Ejersa Goro,Β East Hararghe,Β Ethiopian Empire
Died27 August 1975Β (agedΒ 83)
National Palace,Β Addis Ababa,Β Ethiopia
Burial5 November 2000

SpouseMenen Asfaw
Issue
Regnal name
(native) Haile Selassie I (α‰€α‹³αˆ›α‹Š αŠƒα‹­αˆˆ αˆ₯αˆ‹αˆ΄,Β qΓ€damawi haylΓ€ sΙ™llasΓ©);
(English) “Power of the Trinity”
HouseSahle SelassieΒ (Solomonic -House of Solomon, Amhara Branch)
FatherMakonnen Wolde Mikael
MotherYeshimebet Ali
ReligionEthiopian Orthodox Tewahedo
1st & 5thΒ Chairman of the Organization of African Unity
In office
25 May 1963 – 17 July 1964
Succeeded byGamal Abdel Nasser
In office
5 November 1966 – 11 September 1967
Preceded byJoseph Arthur Ankrah
Succeeded byJoseph-DΓ©sirΓ© Mobutu
Imperial standard of Haile Selassie I
Obverse
Reverse

Haile Selassie IΒ (Ge’ez:Β α‰€α‹³αˆ›α‹Š αŠƒα‹­αˆˆ αˆ₯αˆ‹αˆ΄,Β romanized:Β QΓ€damawi HaylΓ€ SΙ™llasΓ©,[nb 2]Β AmharicΒ pronunciation:Β [ˈhaΙͺlΙ™ sΙ¨lˈlase]Β (About this soundlisten);[nb 3]Β bornΒ RasΒ Tafari Makonnen; 23 July 1892 – 27 August 1975)[4]Β was theΒ Emperor of EthiopiaΒ from 1930 to 1974. Prior to his coronation, he had been theΒ Regent Plenipotentiary of EthiopiaΒ from 1916. He is a defining figure in modern Ethiopian history.[5][6]Β He was a member of theΒ Solomonic dynastyΒ who traced his lineage to EmperorΒ Menelik I.

Selassie attempted to modernize the country through a series ofΒ political and social reforms, including the introduction ofΒ Ethiopia‘sΒ first written constitutionΒ and the abolition of slavery. He led the failed efforts to defend Ethiopia during theΒ Second Italo-Ethiopian WarΒ and spent the period ofΒ Italian occupationΒ in exile in England. He returned to lead Ethiopia in 1941 after the British Empire defeated the Italian occupiers in theΒ East African campaign. He dissolved theΒ Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea, which was established by the UN General Assembly in 1950, and integrated Eritrea as a province of Ethiopia whileΒ fighting to prevent their independence.

His internationalist views led to Ethiopia becoming a charter member of the United Nations.[7]Β In 1963, he presided over the formation of theΒ Organisation of African Unity, the precursor of theΒ African Union, and served as its first chairman. He was overthrown in a 1974 military coup by a Marxist-LeninistΒ junta, theΒ Derg. Selassie was murdered by the junta on 27 August 1975.

Among some members of theΒ Rastafari movement, Haile Selassie is referred to as the returnedΒ messiahΒ of the Bible, GodΒ incarnate. This distinction notwithstanding, Haile Selassie was a Christian and adhered to the tenets and liturgy of theΒ Ethiopian OrthodoxΒ church.[8][9]Β The Rastafari movement was founded in Jamaica in the 1930s and its followers are estimated at between 700,000 and one million.

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